Indian Motorcycles - A Brief History

At the beginning of the twentieth century, Springfieldbefore the Indian factory became known as the
Massachusetts saw the birth of a legend in the shape'Wigwam'.
of 'The Indian Motorcycle Manufacturing Company';By 1940, Indian has almost rivalled its major
its most famous models being the 'Scout' and thecompetitor Harley Davidson in sales. The company
'Chief', the latter being in production for an incrediblealso produced engineless bicycles, air conditioning
thirty-one years.equipment, aircraft engines along with many other
The founders of the company, which was originallylines. This year also saw the introduction of the
known as the 'Hendee Manufacturing Company', wereskirted fenders which were to define Indians for
George M. Hendee and Carl Oscar Hedstrom, a pairyears to come. Another innovation that arrived at
of former bicycle racers who joined forces tothis time was the sprung frame which made the
produce a 1 ¾ horsepower motorcycle. Salesmachine far superior to the Harley of the day. In its
began slowly, but soon increased giving the companybasic form, the Chief could reach 86mph, but with a
a solid platform to build upon. These early bikes werelittle tuning over 100mph was possible.
belt-driven and by 1903 were performing well enoughRalph B. Rogers was the leader of a consortium
to allow Hedstrom to create a new motorcyclewhich bought a controlling interest in Indian in 1945,
speed record of 56mph.and on November 1st Dupont officially handed control
Aurora of Illinois supplied the engine that wouldto Rogers. Unfortunately Rogers discontinued the
power the 'Diamond framed Single', which carried theScout to concentrate on models such as the 149
rich red that would become synonymous with Indian.Arrow, the Warrior 250 and the Superscout 249.
Introduced in 1902, sales rose to 32,000 in 1913. 1907These bikes suffered from poor quality and a lack of
saw the introduction of a V-twin which, along withdevelopment and by 1949 production had almost
Erwin 'Canonball' Baker would set many long distanceground to a halt. In 1953 manufacturer of all Indian's
records culminating with a trip from San Diego tomodels was ceased and the import of the 'Royal
New York in a record time of 11 days, 12 hours andEnfield' from England began. These models were
ten minutes. As is the case today, competitionbadged and sold as Indians throughout the rest of
inspired technical innovation and Indian went fromthe decade. Later, the Indian name became the
strength to strength, winning the Isle of Man TTproperty of a company that imported 'Matchless'
race in 1911. Not only that, but Indians finished secondmotorcycles, however the Indian name wasn't used.
and third too.In the 1960's, one Floyd Clymer began to use the
The Indian Chief and Scout appeared in the earlyIndian name on imported bikes from Italy, apparently
1920's and went on to become the flagships of thewithout buying the trademark from the last known
company. By this time, both Hendee and Hedstromowner. When Clymer died in 1970, his widow sold the
had left the company. Both bikes won the admirationmark to Los Angeles attorney, Alan Newman who
of the public, not only for their looks, but also forcontinued to import Italian machines, and later bikes
their durability, hence the saying, 'You can't wear outfrom Taiwan, but by 1975 the company was in
an Indian Scout, or its brother the Indian Chief. Theytrouble and in 1977 was declared bankrupt. A legal
are built like rocks to take hard knocks; it's thebattle ensued for the rights of the brand name, and
Harleys that cause the grief'.eventually in 1988 the Federal Bankruptcy Court in
By 1930 Indian had teamed up with 'Dupont Motors'Denver cleared the way for 'Gilroy' to resume the
who ended the production of Dupont cars to putproduction of Indians. These bikes became known as
every ounce of energy and resource into thethe 'Gilroy Indians'. In 2006, a London based company
development of the Indian. Their links with the painttook control and created a new factory in Kings
industry saw a dramatic increase in colour choice,Mountain, North Carolina. Plans are being drawn up to
with 24 on offer by 1934. This is the time when theproduce a new chief, something we all look forward
distinctive Indian head-dress logo first saw light ofto.
day on the tanks of the machines, and it wasn't long